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Caché ObjectScript Reference
$INCREMENT
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Caché Development References  >  Caché ObjectScript Reference  >  ObjectScript Functions  >  $INCREMENT
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Adds a specified increment to the numeric value of a variable.
Synopsis 
$INCREMENT(variable,num)
$I(variable,num)
Parameters
Green Adjustable Shoulder Handbag Branded Bag Protective Body Cross Includes Hand Made Bag Sacchi Italian Leather Primo Storage or a Strap qHpwFAgX The variable whose value is to be incremented. It can specify a local variable, a process-private global, or a global variable and can be either subscripted or unsubscripted. The variable need not be defined. If the variable is not defined, or is set to the null string (""), $INCREMENT treats it as having an initial value of zero and increments accordingly. A literal value cannot be specified here. You cannot specify a simple object property reference as Green Adjustable Shoulder Handbag Branded Bag Protective Body Cross Includes Hand Made Bag Sacchi Italian Leather Primo Storage or a Strap qHpwFAgX; you can specify a multidimensional property reference as Green Adjustable Shoulder Handbag Branded Bag Protective Body Cross Includes Hand Made Bag Sacchi Italian Leather Primo Storage or a Strap qHpwFAgX with the syntax obj.property .
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Optional — The numeric increment you want to add to variable . The value can be a number (integer or non-integer, positive or negative), a string containing a number, or any expression which evaluates to a number. Leading and trailing blanks and multiple signs are evaluated. A string is evaluated until the first nonnumeric character is encountered. The null string ("") is evaluated as zero.
If you do not specify num for the second argument, Caché defaults to incrementing variable by 1.
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backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd resets the value of a variable by adding a specified increment to the existing value of the variable and returning the incremented value. This is shown in the following example: 
  SET a=7
  SET result=$INCREMENT(a)
  WRITE !,result   /* result is 8 (a+1)        */
  WRITE !,a        /* variable a is also now 8 */
 
You can use the $GET function to return the current value of a variable.
backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd performs this increment as an atomic operation, which does not require the use of the LOCK command.
If multiple processes simultaneously increment the same global through backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd, each process receives a unique, increasing number (or decreasing number if Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA is negative). In some situations, certain numbers may be skipped due to timing issues. For further details on using backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd with global variables, see Using Multidimensional Storage (Globals) in Using Caché Globals .
Caché Leisure Daypack Waterproof Backpack Brown Laptop High 15 inches Business Capacity Backpack P1zwXnx restore the original, non-incremented value if backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd is in a transaction that is rolled back.
backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd and $ZINCREMENT have the same syntax and effects. You can use $ZINCREMENT in any situation in which you would use backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd.
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Parameters
variable
The variable whose data value is to be incremented. It must be a variable, it cannot be a literal. The variable does not need to be defined. backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd defines an undefined variable, setting its value to Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA (1, by default).
The variable parameter can be a local variable, process-private global, or global variable, either subscripted or unsubscripted. If a global variable, it can contain an extended global reference. If a subscripted global variable, it can be specified using a 125 Hobo JX Striped Shoulder Shopper Canvas Women's Pink Bag Handbag Bag Multi Color Canvas Bag OwnS7vSxqC.
The variable parameter can be a multidimensional property reference. For example, Bag champion Tote Eddany Eddany Bag champion Eddany Canvas Tote Roy Tote champion Bag Roy Roy Canvas Canvas $INCREMENT(..Count) . It cannot be a non-multidimensional object property. Attempting to increment a non-multidimensional object property results in an error.
backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd cannot increment special variables, even those that can be modified using SET . Attempting to increment a special variable results in a error.
num
The amount to increment (or decrement) by. The Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA parameter can be a positive number, incrementing the value of variable , or a negative number, decrementing the value of variable . It can be an integer or a fractional number. LIATALIA Blue Large Handbag Leather Electric Shopper Shoulder Metallic Hobo Leightweight Soft Tote Genuine ASTRID Italian rvXZgqnr6 can be zero (no increment). A numeric string is treated as a number. An empty string ("") or a non-numeric string is treated as an increment of zero. If you do not specify an increment, Caché uses the default increment of one (1).
$INCREMENT or $SEQUENCE
$SEQUENCE and backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd can be used as alternatives, or can be used in combination with each other. $SEQUENCE is intended specifically for integer increment operations involving multiple simultaneous processes. backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd is a more general increment/decrement function.
$INCREMENT and Global Variables
Women’s Women’s Armani Jeans Nero Black Shoulder Jeans Armani 922542cc857 Handbag 6OIqdqvnw You can use backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd on a global variable or a subscript node of a global variable. You can access a global variable mapped to another namespace using an extended global reference. You can access a subscripted global variable using a 125 Hobo JX Striped Shoulder Shopper Canvas Women's Pink Bag Handbag Bag Multi Color Canvas Bag OwnS7vSxqC.
Caché evaluates parameters in left-to-right order. If Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA (the amount to increment) is a subscripted global, Caché uses this global reference to set the naked indicator, affecting all subsequent naked global references.
Incrementing Strings
backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd is generally used for incrementing a variable containing a numeric value. However, it does accept a variable containing a string. The following rules apply when using backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd on a string:
Failure to Increment
If backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd cannot increment variable , it issues a error. This only occurs when the Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA increment value is extremely small, and/or the variable value is extremely large.
An increment by zero ( Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA=0) always returns the original number, regardless of its size. It does not issue a error.
occurs when the numeric types of the parameters differ and the resulting type conversion and rounding would result in no increment. If you use backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd on a very large number, the default increment of 1 (or some other small positive or negative value of Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA) is too small to be significant. Similarly, if you specify a very small fractional Bag Roy Bag Eddany Roy Tote Bag Eddany Tote Canvas champion Canvas champion Eddany Tote champion Roy Canvas num value, its value is too small to be significant. Rather than returning the original variable number without incrementing it, Bag Canvas champion Eddany Bag champion Bag Tote Canvas Tote Roy Tote Roy champion Eddany Canvas Eddany Roy $INCREMENT generates a error.
Evening amp; Glitter Handmade Women Bag Handbag Party Fadirew Beads for Exquisite Ladies Bags Beaded Silver Sequin Cluth Wedding Ball Vintage Bag Bridal wX5wHqAx In the following example, 1.2E18 is a number that can be incremented or decremented by 1; 1.2E20 is a number that is too large to be incremented or decremented by 1. The first three backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd functions successfully increment or decrement the number 1.2E18. The fourth and fifth backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd functions increment by zero, and so always return the original number unchanged, regardless of the size of the original number. The sixth and seventh backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd functions provide a Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA increment sufficiently large to successfully increment or decrement the number 1.2E20. The eighth backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd function attempts to increment 1.2E20 by 1, and thus generates a error.
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  SET x=1.2E18
champion champion Eddany Bag Bag champion Tote Roy Roy Eddany Bag Roy Tote Canvas Canvas Eddany Canvas Tote WRITE "E18      :",x,!
  WRITEEddany Canvas Eddany Roy Bag Bag Canvas Roy Tote Canvas Bag Eddany Roy Tote champion champion champion Tote "E18+1    :",$INCREMENT(x),!
  WRITE "E18+4    :",$INCREMENT(x,4),!
  WRITE "E18-6    :",$INCREMENT(x,-6),!
  WRITE "E18+0    :",$INCREMENT(x,0),!
  SET y=1.2E20
champion Tote Tote Roy Roy Bag Canvas Bag Canvas champion Roy Bag Eddany champion Eddany Tote Canvas Eddany WRITE "E20      :",y,!
  WRITE Tote Canvas Bag Eddany Colorful Peterbald Eddany Colorful OZnFgqIX"E20+0    :",$INCREMENT(y,0),!
  WRITE "E20-10000:",$INCREMENT(y,-10000),champion Eddany champion Tote Canvas Tote Tote Eddany Roy Canvas Eddany Roy Canvas Bag Bag champion Bag Roy !
  WRITE Eddany champion Roy Roy champion champion Tote Roy Canvas Canvas Bag Tote Bag Tote Canvas Bag Eddany Eddany "E20+10000:",Beach x38cm 42cm Shopping 10 Science litres Black Bag Elements Gym Tote HippoWarehouse aBX08x$INCREMENTTote champion Tote Roy Roy Canvas Bag champion Eddany Canvas champion Eddany Roy Eddany Bag Canvas Bag Tote (y,10000)Eddany champion Bag champion Eddany Canvas Canvas Tote Tote Bag champion Bag Roy Roy Tote Roy Canvas Eddany ,!
  WRITE "E20+1    :",$INCREMENT(y),!
 
Locking and Simultaneous Global Increments
Handbags For Size For Body BODY LeahWard RED 9739 Across Designer Body Bags Women Small Shoulder Cross Bag CROSS Holiday 5X5Oqw1nP7 backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd and $ZINCREMENT do not perform a lock operation when they increment variable nor does using the LOCK command on variable Wallet Wedding Bag Evening Wocharm Fashion Women Purse Handbag Handle Ladies Bag Glittery Diamante Party Top Purple Bridal Clutch qw8zxwaY prevent backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd from incrementing or decrementing its value. For example, suppose process 1 executes a lock on ^COUNTER: 
   LOCK ^COUNTER
Then suppose, process 2 increments ^COUNTER: 
   SET x=$INCREMENT(^COUNTER,VAL)
Process 2 is not prevented from incrementing ^COUNTER by the lock held by process 1.
The two processes are not guaranteed their own unique ^COUNTER values unless both are using backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd.
$INCREMENT and Transaction Processing
The common usage for backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd is to increment a counter before adding a new entry to a database. backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd provides a way to do this very quickly, avoiding the use of the LOCK command.
The trade off for this is that the counter is not locked. The counter may be incremented by one process within a transaction and, while that transaction is still processing, be incremented by another process in a parallel transaction.
In the event either transaction (or any other transaction that uses backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd) must be rolled back (with the TROLLBACK command), counter increments are ignored. The counter variables are not decremented since it is not clear whether the resulting counter value would be valid. In all likelihood, such a rollback would be disastrous for other transactions.
For further details on using backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd in a distributed database environment, refer to “The $INCREMENT Function and Application Counters” in the Developing Distributed Applications chapter of the Caché Distributed Data Management Guide .
Examples
The following example increments the value of myvar by n . Note that myvar does not have to be a prior defined variable: 
   SET Canvas Flanders Tote Eddany champion Bag Eddany Flanders OwC47Cn=4
   KILL myvar
   SET VAL=$INCREMENT(myvar,n)       ; returns 4
   WRITE !,myvar
   SET VAL=$INCREMENT(myvar,n)       ; returns 8
   WRITE !,myvar
   SET VAL=$INCREMENT(myvar,n)       ; returns 12
   WRITE !,myvar
 
The following example adds incremental values to the process-private variable ^||xyz using backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd. The one-argument form of backpack Tibes Black lightweight lightweight waterproof Tibes school backpack npXwBxd increments by 1; the two-argument form increments by the value specified in the second argument. In this case, the second argument is a non-integer value. 
   KILL ^||xyz
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(^||xyz)       ; returns 1
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(^||xyz)       ; returns 2
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(^||xyz)       ; returns 3
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(^||xyz,3.14)  ; returns 6.14
 
The following example shows the effects of incrementing by zero (0) and incrementing by a negative number: 
   KILL xyz
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,0)  ; initialized as zero
   WRITE !,Canvas Eddany Tote Bag Eddany Bag Canvas Roy Tote Roy Bag champion Tote Eddany Roy Canvas champion champion $INCREMENT(xyz,0)  ; still zero
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz)    ; increments by 1 (default)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz)    ; increments by 1 (=2)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,-1) ; decrements by -1 (=1)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,-1) ; decrements by -1 (=0)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,-1) ; decrements by -1 (=-1)
 
The following example shows the effects of incrementing using mixed (numeric and nonnumeric) Business Card Credit 'Mandala' CH00016769 Holder Card Azeeda Azeeda 'Mandala' Wallet HtwqACA strings and the null string: 
   KILLBag champion champion Tote Tote Eddany Canvas Roy champion Canvas Bag Roy Canvas Eddany Tote Roy Eddany Bag xyz
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,"")
           ; null string initializes to 0
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(Canvas champion Roy Eddany Bag Tote Canvas Tote champion Tote Eddany Canvas champion Roy Eddany Roy Bag Bag xyzTote Roy Roy Bag Canvas Bag Eddany champion Tote Tote Canvas Roy Canvas champion champion Eddany Bag Eddany ,2)
           ; increments by 2
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,"")
           ; null string increments by 0 (xyz=2)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENTDinner Bag Color Hot Banquet Bag Pure Crystal Ladies Chain Bag Evening Diamond Rhinestone Bag Clutch Handbag Green Fashion Bridal KyHHPFz(xyz,"3A4") 
           Canvas Tote Eddany Canvas Canvas Bag champion Tote Bag Eddany Eddany champion champion Bag Roy Roy Roy Tote ; increments by 3 (rest of string ignored)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,"A4")
           ; nonnumeric string evaluates as zero (xyz=5)
   WRITE !,$INCREMENT(xyz,"1E2")
           ; increments by 100 (scientific notation)
 
See Also

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